Cancun and COP16 - progress continues in small steps

From the news reports from COP16 Cancun there appears to be some further incremental developments for international cooperation on climate change. From the Wall Street Journal -

CANCUN, Mexico—The world's nations on Saturday agreed to a package of climate initiatives, including billions of dollars in funding for poor countries, although they failed to adopt a binding climate treaty amid a stalemate among the U.S., China, Japan and other nations.

The agreement calls on rich countries to cut their greenhouse gas emissions by amounts nations pledged a year ago, although the cuts aren't legally binding. Developing countries are to come up with plans to cut their emissions in a worldwide effort to limit global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels. The agreement includes plans for a green fund and $100 billion a year that wealthier countries would provide by 2020 to help poor countries finance programs to cut emissions and cope with drought and other effects of global warming.

A stalemate among the U.S., China, Japan, India and other countries has frozen talks on a global climate treaty and thrown into question the future of the existing Kyoto Protocol climate treaty. But diplomats said they hoped the Cancun plan could pave the way for a legally binding climate treaty when governments reconvene at next year's U.N. climate summit in Durban, South Africa.

Japan has said that it wouldn't commit to a second phase of the Kyoto treaty unless the world's largest greenhouse-gas emitters, namely China, the U.S. and India, agreed to cut their emissions under a legally binding treaty. The first phase of the treaty ends in 2012.

The U.S., which signed but never ratified the Kyoto treaty, has long argued that it wouldn't agree to mandated emission cuts unless China and other fast-growing economies also agreed to limit emissions. But at climate negotiations a year ago in Copenhagen, both the U.S. and China made voluntary commitments to cut their greenhouse gas emissions.

China has maintained that as a developing country, it doesn't have the resources—or responsibility—to aggressively cut emissions while growing its economy.

India initially had a similar position, although the country softened it this week, saying it would consider agreeing to mandated cuts at some point in the future.

Movie review: Monsters

A synopsis of the plot: The story is set six years after NASA discovers the possibility of alien life within our solar system and as a result launches a probe to collect samples. The probe crashes upon re-entry over Central America and thereafter, new life form begins to appear resulting in half of Mexico and a small part of the US being quarantined as an 'Infected Zone'. The American and Mexican military struggle to contain these new life forms. A young US photo journalist agrees to escort his bosses daughter home through the infected zone in Mexico to the safety of the US border. Much of the film is focussed on this journey home.

What starts with a good novel idea and excellent scene setting, progresses very little with a very small number of action scenes and a preoccupation with the self interested perspective of the two main characters (the journalist and his companion, the bosses' daughter). Much of the film is spent as these two contemplate their lives when they return to the US and only occasionally is their attention drawn to the dangerous predicament in which they find themselves. In many respects the dialogue resembles 'Dumb and Dumber' meets 'Ferris Buellers Day Off'. The cgi special effects are deftly and sparingly used to good effect however the lack of action events in suspenseful moments undermines the dramatic impact of the film.

Wikileaking....

The role and impact of a site such as Wikileaks generates considerable controversy and various levels of animosity predominantly in Government circles. How useful are the thousands of documents being released for serving the public interest? In general terms while these may useful for an insight into US Government policy and international relations, the impact of Wikileaks is limited as other major world powers are not affected in the same manner. The United States is one of several key players with Russia, China and India being also critical to international relations and power plays. A number of smaller powers such as Israel and Pakistan also hold critical positions in world hot spots. In this sense Wikileaks is limited in its scope and arguably of limited value with only US material.

Searching for ET - a flawed perspective

Within some astronomy circles there is a view that searching for extraterrestrial life in the universe is a good and worthy goal, both from a scientific point of view and the resources needed to carry out such research. Hollywood films such as 'ET', 'Close Encounters of the Third Kind' and 'The Day the Earth Stood Still' paint a picture of higher intelligence being understanding and interaction with people on this planet being one of positivism or curiousity. But on what basis would an assumption along these lines bear any resemblance to reality? The recent release of a muddled mess of a film called 'Skyline' presents a different view of aliens. In this film they are portrayed as overtly hostile and their arrival on earth is aggressive with humans seen as resources to be harvested. In 'Skyline', the human race is not successful  at beating off the invaders and succumbs to the more powerful alien force. It should not presumed that any life form outside of this planet would subscribe to the same values, beliefs or behaviour often recognisable to homo sapiens. The Universe in fact is a highly hostile and volatile environment and should any intelligence be found which has the capacity to reach this planet, it is unlikely to have benign behaviour or adherence to ethical and moral values.

Nuclear Power and radioactive waste

The environmental community remains split on the virtues or otherwise of the use of nuclear power to replace reliance on coal fired generators. On the positive side, nuclear energy does not produce the level of carbon emissions and greenhouse gases although it does remain reliant on the mining and processing of uranium. On the negative side, it produces highly radioactive waste that remains potent for thousands of years. Around 14 % of the world's electricity is produced from nuclear power plants and around 12,000 tonnes of waste. One theoretical proposal being canvassed in experiments in Europe and Japan is to saturate plutonium, uranium with neutrons which cause the isotopes to become unstable, then decay into material less problematic for disposal. How realistic is this proposal given the number of existing nuclear power stations and those proposed for replacement or new construction? Can the quantity of waste be effectively managed with such a process which in itself carries risks. Any solution which is found to be viable remains decades away and in itself, it is unlikely that nuclear power will produce the trump card to enable a clear removal of fossil fuels for power generation.  

Silent Spring - has the lesson been learned?

It's now 48 years since Rachel Carson's 'Silent Spring' was published and marked a foundation point in defining the inherent risk of uncritical acceptance of  pesticides impact on the enivronment. Released by Houghton Mifflin on 27 September 1962,  the book itself is widely credited with helping launch the environmental movement and documented the detrimental effects of pesticides on the environment, particularly on birds. Carson who was a scientist, said that DDT had been found to cause thinner egg shells and result in reproductive problems and death. The chemical industry was criticised for spreading disinformation with public officials accepting industry claims uncritically.

Even with greater awareness, controls and regulation, high level risk continues. The Californian Condor, an endangered species, appears to be the next potential victim of contamination producing eggs with dangerously thin shells. A possible culprit is exposure to DDT through the food chain as condors feed off sea lions who in turn eat contaminated fish from an offshore dumping ground.
[New Scientist 20 November 2010]

Shades of Grey and Life's Momentum

Life has become compressed in the 21st Century and more focussed on the absolutes of black and white rather than shades of grey which actually characterises the bulk of life's events. Thus observed prominent and sometimes controverial Australian photographer and artist, Bill Henson, at the Art Gallery of NSW last night. Presenting the final talk of the photographic series 'My Favourite Things', Bill Henson observed the speed at which events, moments and decisions are reached, often with insufficient consideration and often less understanding.   

Henson's photographic work reflects an interest in ambiguity and in particular, transition. His photographs often resemble the texture and composition of a painting rather than a photograph. With this perspective he is well placed not only to observe change but to arbitrage between new technology and  retaining a passion for earlier, more measured forms of creative expression in music, film and other art forms. Music is one such linear transition he commented moving from vinyl to tape to CD and now to MP3 digital capture, yet condensing does not always guarantee retention of content or value. An obervation well placed.